The issues of synonymic modifying of units of language denoting the meaning “tapfer” in the German language are considered in the article. Identical and different in the meaning of the convertible terms are determined to a first approximation[§§§§].
1. Chernyak, V.D. Sinonimicheskoe var'irovanie v sovremennoe rechi [Tekst] //Russkiy yazyk segodnya. Vyp.1. Sbornik statey./RAI Institut russkogo yazyka im. V.V. Vinogradova. Otv. Red. L.P. Krysin.- M: «Azbukovin», 2000.
2. Bol'shoy enciklopedicheskiy slovar' [Tekst] / V.N. Yarceva.- 2-e izd.- M.: Bol'shaya Rossiyskaya enciklopediya, 1998.
3. Matveeva T.A. Uchebnyy slovar': russkiy yazyk, kul'tura rechi, stilistika, ritorika [Tekst] /T.V. Matveeva.- M.: Flinta: Nauka, 2003.-432s.
4. Das Nibelungenlied [Tekst] Verlag Philipp Reclam jun. Leipzig 1979. - s.194
5. Dunev, A.I. Russkiy yazyk i kul'tura rechi: Uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov. [Tekst] / A.I. Dunev, M.Ya. Dymarskiy, A.Yu. Kozhevnikov i dr. /Pod red. V.D. Chernyak.- M.: Vyssh. Shkola.; SPb.: Izd. RGPU im. A.I. Gercena, 2002.- s. 509
6. Rahmanov, I.V. Nemecko-russkiy sinonimicheskiy slovar': ok. 2680 ryadov [Tekst] /I.V. Rahmanov, N.M. Minina, D.G. Mal'ceva, L.I. Rahmanova.- M.: Russkiy yazyk., 1983.- s.704
7. Duden “Das Große Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache” [Tekst]: in 6 Bd. / - Mannheim; Wien; Zürich: Bibliographisches Institut, 1981- s.2992
8. Gricanov, A.A. Noveyshiy filosofskiy slovar' [Tekst] / sost. A.A. Gricanov. - Mn.: Izd.V.M. Skakun, 1998.- s. 896
